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''Jean Bart'' was the second ship of the s, the first dreadnoughts built for the French Navy. She was completed before World War I as part of the 1910 naval building programme. She spent the war in the Mediterranean and helped to sink the Austro-Hungarian protected cruiser on 16 August 1914. She spent most of the rest of 1914 providing gunfire support for the Montenegrin Army until she was torpedoed by the submarine on 21 December.〔 Even with three compartments flooded, she was able to steam to Malta on her own for repairs that required three and a half months. Upon her return she spent the remainder of the war participating in the Otranto Barrage, in the Adriatic. After the end of World War I she and her sister ship were sent to the Black Sea to support Allied troops in the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. ''Jean Bart''s crew mutinied out of sympathy for the Bolsheviks, but the mutiny was put down and she returned to the Mediterranean in 1920. She was partially modernized twice during the 1920s, but was deemed in too poor condition to be refitted again in the 1930s. Therefore, she was renamed ''Océan'', disarmed and hulked in 1936 and became a harbour training ship in Toulon. The Germans captured her intact when they occupied Toulon in 1942 and used her for testing large shaped charge warheads. She was sunk by Allied bombing in 1944, but was raised and scrapped in 1945. ==Description== ''Jean Bart'' was long overall. She had a beam of and at full load a draft of at the bow. She displaced at standard load and at full load.〔Dumas, p. 223〕 She proved to be rather wet in service as she was bow-heavy because of her superimposed turrets forward.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 197〕 ''Jean Bart'' had four propellers powered by four Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, rated at ; twenty-four Belleville water-tube boilers provided steam for her turbines. These boilers were coal-burning with auxiliary oil sprayers.〔Whitley, p. 36〕 She had a designed speed of .〔 She carried up to of coal and of oil and could steam for at a speed of .〔 ''Jean Bart''s main armament consisted of twelve 45-calibre guns mounted in six twin gun turrets, with two turrets superimposed fore and aft, and one on each flank of the ship. For anti-torpedo boat defence she carried twenty-two guns, which were mounted in casemates. Four Modèle 1902 Hotchkiss guns were fitted, two on each beam. She was also armed with four submerged Modèle 1909 torpedo tubes with twelve torpedoes.〔 ''Jean Bart''s waterline armoured belt extended well below the waterline as the French were concerned about protection from underwater hits. Her main armour was also thinner than that of her British or German counterparts, but covered more area. It was thick between the fore and aft turrets and tapered to towards the bow and stern. It extended below the normal waterline. Above the main belt was another belt, 180 mm thick, that covered the sides, and the secondary armament, up to the forecastle deck, deep, between the fore and aft turrets. The conning tower had armour thick. The main gun turrets had of armour on their faces, on their sides and roofs thick. Their barbettes had of armour. There was no anti-torpedo bulkhead although there was a longitudinal bulkhead abreast the machinery spaces that was used either as a coal bunker or left as a void.〔Whitley, p. 35〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「French battleship Jean Bart (1911)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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